· Learn investing · 9 min read
How to read a balance sheet (Form 1) in Uzbekistan
A line-by-line guide to the NSBU balance sheet (Form 1) that Uzbek companies publish on openinfo.uz: assets, equity, liabilities and what to check first.
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Learn investing: stocks, bonds and personal finance
Plain explanations of stocks, bonds, the Tashkent Stock Exchange, inflation, interest rates, dividends, budgeting and compound interest for investors in Uzbekistan.
· Learn investing · 9 min read
The income statement (Form 2) explained, line by line
How to read the NSBU report on financial results (Form 2) of an Uzbek company: revenue, gross profit, operating profit, finance lines, tax and net profit.
· Learn investing · 8 min read
ROE and ROA explained with Uzbek company reports
What return on equity and return on assets measure, how to calculate them from Form 1 and Form 2, and why debt can make ROE look better than the business is.
· Learn investing · 8 min read
Debt to equity and leverage: how much debt is too much
How to measure a company's debt load from its Form 1 balance sheet, what debt to equity and net debt show, and when borrowing helps or hurts shareholders.
· Learn investing · 8 min read
Free cash flow explained, and the Uzbek data gap
What free cash flow is, how to calculate it from a cash-flow statement, why most Uzbek filings online lack one and how to estimate it from Form 1 and Form 2.
· Learn investing · 8 min read
Price-to-book ratio for bank shares on UZSE
Why investors value banks with the price-to-book ratio, how to calculate P/B from a bank's reports, how it links to ROE, and the traps specific to bank shares.
· Learn investing · 8 min read
Dividend payout ratio: is the dividend sustainable
How to calculate the payout ratio for UZSE shares, what Uzbek law says about when dividends can be paid, and the checks that show if a dividend can last.
· Learn investing · 7 min read
Revenue and earnings growth: year on year and CAGR
How to measure revenue and profit growth from annual reports, how to calculate CAGR, and the traps of base years, losses, dilution and inflation.
· Learn investing · 9 min read
Corporate actions: splits, consolidations and new issues
What splits, consolidations, new share issues and buybacks mean for UZSE shareholders, what Uzbek law requires, and how to adjust per-share data.